What can rapid ascent without acclimatization lead to?

Rapid ascent without proper acclimatization can indeed lead to high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). This condition occurs when the body is unable to adjust to the lower oxygen levels present at high altitudes, typically above 2,500 meters (8,200 feet). The rapid change in altitude can cause fluid to accumulate in the lungs, leading to impaired oxygen exchange and potentially life-threatening complications.

HAPE is characterized by symptoms such as shortness of breath, a persistent cough, fatigue, and even a feeling of suffocation, especially during exertion. The risk of developing HAPE increases with altitude, especially if the ascent is rapid and if individuals do not give their bodies enough time to adapt. Acclimatization allows the body to adjust through physiological changes, such as increased breathing rate and enhanced blood flow.

The other choices do not directly relate to the specific effects of rapid ascent without acclimatization in the same manner. For example, loss of cabin pressure refers to issues with an aircraft's pressurization system rather than altitude sickness. Altitude decompression sickness typically occurs in divers ascending too quickly from underwater rather than from high altitudes. Barometric pressure shock is not a recognized medical condition related to high-altitude environments. Thus, the