The Push-Pull effect may result from which scenario?

The Push-Pull effect refers to the physiological responses that can occur when an individual is suddenly subjected to rapid changes in G forces, especially when transitioning from normal gravitational forces (less than +1 Gz) to elevated forces (more than +1 Gz). In the context of aviation, this can happen during maneuvers that subject pilots to fluctuating G forces, which significantly affect blood flow and pressure within the body.

When moving quickly from a state of low gravitational force to a high gravitational force, the body can experience a mismatch between the pressures acting on it and how it can respond to those changes. This can lead to disorientation, impaired vision, or even G-induced loss of consciousness (GLOC) due to insufficient blood flow to the brain and other critical areas.

The other scenarios do not directly align with the Push-Pull effect. For example, sustained +4 Gz maneuvers primarily result in sustained physical strain on the body but do not encapsulate the rapid transition aspect specific to the Push-Pull effect. Incorrectly performing the Anti-G Straining Maneuver may not specifically cause the rapid switch between gravitational forces seen in this phenomenon. Similarly, a poorly fitted anti-G suit might fail to provide adequate pressure but does